Heat exchanger: Difference between revisions
Add note about the temperature at which temperature steam exchangers start making steam. |
In 2.0.7, the relevant 200J/unit-C heat capacity is for steam, not water. (The heat capacity of water is 2kJ/unit-C) |
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{{Languages}} | {{Languages}}{{:Infobox:Heat exchanger}} | ||
{{ | The '''heat exchanger''' exchanges heat between a heat connection (normally from a [[heat pipe]] leading to a [[nuclear reactor]] or [[heating tower]]{{SA}}) and [[water]] to produce [[steam]]. | ||
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Heat exchangers produce ~103 steam with a temperature of 500°C every second. | |||
Heat | Heat exchangers will not produce steam until they reach 500°C. The steam produced is exactly 500°C hot, even if the exchanger is hotter. Heat exchangers have a heat capacity of 1 MJ/°C. Thus, they can buffer 500 MJ of heat energy across their working range of 500°C to 1000°C, and require 485 MJ of energy to warm up from 15°C to 500°C when initially placed. | ||
== Calculating steam production rate == | |||
Heat exchangers produce 103 steam/second. This can be calculated by relying on [[steam turbine]] data: A steam turbine consumes 60 steam/second and produces 5.82MW (assuming 500°C steam). This means a single unit of 500°C steam has <code>5.82MW / (60/s) = 0.097 MJ</code> of energy. A heat exchanger produces 10 MJ a second, therefore it produces <code>10MJ / 0.097MJ = 103.0927835</code> steam per second. | |||
The steam production rate can also be calculated using the energy consumption: 1 heat exchanger consumes 10MW, so it's putting 10MJ of energy into heating water/steam per second. To heat up 1 unit of steam 1 degree, 200 joules are needed,<!--i.e. the specific heat capacity of steam is 200 J/(unit.°C) - Factorio doesn't account for latent heat of vaporization--> so the heat exchanger is heating up water by 50,000 unit-°C<!--not simply "°C" - the dimensions are not correct for that unit--> in total. We observe that this heating results in a temperature increase from 15°C to 500°C, so an increase of 485°C. So the 50,000 unit-°C is divided among 103 units of steam per second, since <code>50,000 / 485 = 103.09</code>. Since steam is produced from water in a 10:1 ratio, this also means that 10.3 units of water are consumed per second. | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
{{History|2.0.7| | |||
* 1 Water will now produce 10 Steam in boilers/heat exchangers.}} | |||
{{History|0.17.67| | |||
* Heat pipes (also in reactors and heat exchangers) glow with high temperatures.}} | |||
{{History|0.15.0| | {{History|0.15.0| | ||
* Introduced}} | * Introduced | ||
* Doubled the heat capacity of water from 0.1kJ per degree per liter to 0.2kJ}} | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Nuclear power]] | * [[Power production#Nuclear power|Nuclear power]] | ||
** [[Heat pipe]] | * [[Steam turbine]] | ||
* [[Nuclear reactor]] | |||
* [[Heating tower]] {{SA}} | |||
* [[Heat pipe]] | |||
{{ProductionNav}} | {{ProductionNav}} | ||
{{C| | {{C|Energy}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:52, 16 April 2025
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Heat exchanger |
- Base game
- Space Age mod
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Recipe |
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Total raw |
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Map color |
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Fluid storage volume |
Input: 200 |
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Health |
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Resistances |
Explosion: 0/30% |
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Stack size |
50 |
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25 (0.5 stacks) |
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Dimensions |
2×3 |
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Energy consumption |
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Heat output |
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Maximum temperature |
1000 °C |
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Fluid consumption |
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Mining time |
0.1 |
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Prototype type |
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Internal name |
heat-exchanger |
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Required technologies |
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The heat exchanger exchanges heat between a heat connection (normally from a heat pipe leading to a nuclear reactor or heating tower
) and water to produce steam.
Heat exchangers produce ~103 steam with a temperature of 500°C every second.
Heat exchangers will not produce steam until they reach 500°C. The steam produced is exactly 500°C hot, even if the exchanger is hotter. Heat exchangers have a heat capacity of 1 MJ/°C. Thus, they can buffer 500 MJ of heat energy across their working range of 500°C to 1000°C, and require 485 MJ of energy to warm up from 15°C to 500°C when initially placed.
Calculating steam production rate
Heat exchangers produce 103 steam/second. This can be calculated by relying on steam turbine data: A steam turbine consumes 60 steam/second and produces 5.82MW (assuming 500°C steam). This means a single unit of 500°C steam has 5.82MW / (60/s) = 0.097 MJ of energy. A heat exchanger produces 10 MJ a second, therefore it produces 10MJ / 0.097MJ = 103.0927835 steam per second.
The steam production rate can also be calculated using the energy consumption: 1 heat exchanger consumes 10MW, so it's putting 10MJ of energy into heating water/steam per second. To heat up 1 unit of steam 1 degree, 200 joules are needed, so the heat exchanger is heating up water by 50,000 unit-°C in total. We observe that this heating results in a temperature increase from 15°C to 500°C, so an increase of 485°C. So the 50,000 unit-°C is divided among 103 units of steam per second, since 50,000 / 485 = 103.09. Since steam is produced from water in a 10:1 ratio, this also means that 10.3 units of water are consumed per second.
History
- 2.0.7:
- 1 Water will now produce 10 Steam in boilers/heat exchangers.
- 0.17.67:
- Heat pipes (also in reactors and heat exchangers) glow with high temperatures.
- 0.15.0:
- Introduced
- Doubled the heat capacity of water from 0.1kJ per degree per liter to 0.2kJ
See also
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Tools |
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Furnaces |
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Agriculture |
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Environmental protection |
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