Official Factorio Wiki - User contributions [en]

Science pack

2026-06-01T14:27:14Z

Factotum: /* Comparison */ Fuller comparison between modules

{{Languages}}
'''Science packs''' are items which are required by [[lab]]s to perform [[research]]. Researching [[technologies]] requires a certain number of different types of science packs, which is then multiplied by a certain value to get the tech cost.

For example, [[Physical projectile damage (research)|Physical projectile damage 3'']] requires one automation science pack and one logistic science pack and one military science pack to begin researching, but it needs this to be input into labs a total of 300 times, raising the research cost to 300 science packs each.

== Types of science packs ==
=== Base game ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Type !! Recipe !! Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Automation science pack}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|copper plate|1}} + {{icon|iron gear wheel|1}} → {{icon|Automation science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|5.5}} {{icon|iron plate|2}} {{icon|copper plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Logistic science pack}} || {{icon|Time|6}} + {{icon|Transport belt|1}} + {{icon|Inserter|1}} → {{icon|Logistic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|8.75}} {{icon|iron plate|5.5}} {{icon|copper plate|1.5}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Military science pack}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Piercing rounds magazine|1}} + {{icon|Grenade|1}} + {{Icon|Wall|2}} → {{icon|Military science pack|2}} || {{icon|Time|23}} {{icon|Iron plate|9}} {{icon|Copper plate|1}} {{icon|Steel plate|0.5}} {{icon|Coal|10}} {{icon|Stone brick|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Chemical science pack}} || {{icon|Time|24}} + {{icon|Sulfur|1}} + {{icon|Advanced circuit|3}} + {{icon|Engine unit|2}} → {{icon|Chemical science pack|2}} || {{icon|Time|52.5}} {{icon|Iron plate|6}} {{icon|Copper plate|15}} {{icon|Engine unit|2}} {{icon|Plastic bar|6}} {{icon|Sulfur|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Production science pack}} || {{icon|Time|21}} + {{icon|Rail|30}} + {{icon|Electric furnace|1}} + {{icon|Productivity module|1}} → {{icon|Production science pack|3}} || {{icon|Time|153.5}} {{icon|Iron plate|32.5}} {{icon|Copper plate|57.5}} {{icon|Steel plate|25}} {{icon|Plastic bar|20}} {{icon|Stone|15}} {{icon|Stone brick|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Utility science pack}} || {{icon|Time|21}} + {{icon|Processing unit|2}} + {{icon|Flying robot frame|1}} + {{icon|Low density structure|3}} → {{icon|Utility science pack|3}} || {{icon|Time|104.75}} {{icon|Iron plate|3}} {{icon|Copper plate|64.5}} {{icon|Steel plate|7}} {{icon|Plastic bar|15}} {{icon|Battery|2}} {{icon|Processing unit|2}} {{icon|Electric engine unit|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|Space science pack|1000}} per launched {{icon|Satellite}} || {{icon|Time|300}} {{icon|Iron plate|43.7}} {{icon|Copper plate|101.8}} {{icon|Steel plate|2.7}} {{icon|Plastic bar|19.9}} {{icon|Solid fuel|10.5}} {{icon|Sulfuric acid|15.5}}
|}


Or, broken down into the most basic components:
{| class="wikitable"
! Per 1 !! colspan="5" | Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Automation science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|2}} || {{icon|copper plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Logistic science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|5.5}} || {{icon|copper plate|1.5}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Military science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|5.75}} || {{icon|copper plate|0.5}} || {{icon|coal|5}} || || {{icon|stone|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Chemical science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|12}} || {{icon|copper plate|7.5}} || {{icon|coal|1.5}} || {{icon|crude oil|38.46}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Production science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|52.5}} || {{icon|copper plate|19.17}} || {{icon|coal|3.33}} || {{icon|crude oil|68.38}} || {{icon|stone|11.67}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Utility science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|33.33}} || {{icon|copper plate|49.83}} || {{icon|coal|3.83}} || {{icon|crude oil|106.84}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|57.54}}    || {{icon|copper plate|101.79}} || {{icon|coal|9.95}}    || {{icon|crude oil|306.92}}
|}

=== ''Space Age'' ===
The ''[[Space Age]]''{{SA}} expansion adds five new types of science packs, and changes the recipe for [[space science pack]]. Each is only able to be crafted on a specific [[planets|planet]] or a [[space platform]]{{SA}}.

{| class="wikitable"
! Type !! Crafted on !! Made in !! Recipe !! Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|Space platform hub}} || {{icon|assembling machine}} {{icon|assembling machine 2}} {{icon|assembling machine 3}} || {{icon|Time|15}} + {{icon|carbon|1}} + {{icon|ice|1}} + {{icon|iron plate|2}} → {{icon|Space science pack|5}} || {{icon|Time|15}} + {{icon|carbon|1}} + {{icon|ice|1}} + {{icon|iron plate|2}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Metallurgic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Vulcanus}} || {{icon|Foundry}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|molten copper|200}} + {{icon|tungsten carbide|3}} + {{icon|tungsten plate|2}} → {{icon|Metallurgic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|molten copper|200}} + {{icon|tungsten carbide|3}} + {{icon|tungsten plate|2}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Electromagnetic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Fulgora}} || {{icon|Electromagnetic plant}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Accumulator|1}} + {{icon|Electrolyte|25}} + {{icon|Holmium solution|25}} + {{icon|Supercapacitor|1}} → {{icon|Electromagnetic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Accumulator|1}} + {{icon|Electrolyte|25}} + {{icon|Holmium solution|25}} + {{icon|Supercapacitor|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Agricultural science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Gleba}} || {{icon|Biochamber}} || {{icon|Time|4}} + {{icon|Bioflux|1}} + {{icon|Pentapod egg|1}} → {{icon|Agricultural science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|4}} + {{icon|Bioflux|1}} + {{icon|Pentapod egg|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Cryogenic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Aquilo}} || {{icon|Cryogenic plant}} || {{icon|Time|20}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (cold)|6}} + {{icon|Ice|3}} + {{icon|Lithium plate|1}} → {{icon|Cryogenic science pack|1}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (hot)|3}} || {{icon|Time|20}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (cold)|6}} + {{icon|Ice|3}} + {{icon|Lithium plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Promethium science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Space platform hub}} || {{icon|Cryogenic plant}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|Biter egg|10}} + {{icon|Promethium asteroid chunk|25}} + {{icon|Quantum processor|1}} → {{icon|promethium science pack|10}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|Biter egg|10}} + {{icon|Promethium asteroid chunk|25}} + {{icon|Quantum processor|1}}
|}

Note that Agricultural science packs are subject to [[Spoilage mechanics|spoilage]]. Their freshness also reduces their science value.

== Creating science packs ==
The science packs and [[research]] are meant to guide players through the game by gradually increasing in complexity. At first the player has to create [[automation science pack]]s by hand to research automation. Then the next goal is to create automation and [[logistic science pack]]s automatically and to automatically feed the science packs into [[lab]]s. These science packs allow research of most of the basic [[technologies]].

If needed due to [[enemies]], the next step is to create [[military science pack]]s to allow unlock higher tier combat-oriented products. Unlike previous science packs, military science produces two packs per crafting cycle versus just one per cycle from automation/logistic.

Following military science, [[chemical science pack]]s should be created. This science pack incorporates a new 'raw' intermediary - [[plastic bar]]s necessitate the need to harvest and process [[crude oil]].

After chemical science, [[production science pack]]s are next. Production science packs are a fair jump in complexity, as the required products have quite a few different intermediaries. Production packs yield three packs per crafting cycle.

The final stage of automated research pack creation is [[utility science pack]]. Utility sciences packs are the most complex packs to make, requiring a large chain of intermediate products. Utility science packs, like previous production science packs, yield three packs per crafting cycle.

[[Space science pack]]s are yielded from launching [[satellite]]s via [[rocket silo|rocket]], and thus are difficult to automate effectively without massive resource-hungry bases. Unlike other science packs, space science packs are exclusively used to research repeating/infinite technologies - such as [[mining productivity (research)|mining productivity]] or [[physical projectile damage (research)|gun turret damage]].

Crafting time varies among the science pack recipes. To produce science packs of each kind at an equal rate, the number of assembling machines should be built in proportion to crafting times. The ratio needed to keep production in sync is 5:6:5:12:7:7, or:
* 5 Automation science pack assemblers
* 6 Logistic science pack assemblers
* 5 Military science pack assemblers
* 12 Chemical science pack assemblers
* 7 Production science pack assemblers
* 7 Utility science pack assemblers

The above list assumes that all science packs are being produced by the same tier of assembling machine. For example, if using plain [[assembling machine 3]] then packs will be produced at 75 items per minute.

The ratio for [[Space Age]] {{SA}} science (if we include the baseline productivity for [[foundry|foundries]] and [[electromagnetic plant|electromagnetic plants]] and assume the agricultural science is at full [[Spoilage mechanics|freshness]]) is 3:6⅔:6⅔:4:20:½, or:
* 3 Space science pack assemblers
* 6.666 Metallurgic science pack foundries
* 6.666 Electromagnetic science pack electromagnetic plants
* 4 Agricultural science pack biochambers (assuming no spoilage)
* 20 Cryogenic science pack cryogenic plants
* 0.5 Promethean science pack cryogenic plants

== Productivity module vs. quality module ==
[[Quality]]{{SA}} science pack decreases science pack drain, while production science outputs additional science packs from the same amount of input. Assuming that you are only using common ingredients and a single 1 tier module, and that all quality levels have been researched.

;[[Quality module]]{{SA}}
* '''0.9%''' chance to create at least 1 uncommon science pack, which lasts '''100%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 2 science packs).
* '''0.09%''' chance to create 1 rare science pack, which lasts '''200%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 3 science packs).
* '''0.009%''' chance to create 1 epic science pack, which lasts '''300%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 4 science packs).
* '''0.001%''' chance to create 1 legendary science pack, which lasts '''500%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 6 science packs).

Overall, this represents approximately '''1.1112%''' extra science for the same number of inputs.

;[[Module#Productivity module|Productivity module]]
* '''1''' extra product every '''25''' normal products.

This provides approximately '''4%''' extra science for the same number of inputs.

==== Comparison ====
* Productivity is more resource efficient, as it provides more science progress for the same amount of resources.
* Quality is more space/rocket efficient, as higher quality packs take up the same amount of space.
* Both kinds of module reduce speed. Productivity modules greatly increase electricity consumption, and to a lesser extent, pollution.
* Quality has a special effect on [[agricultural science pack]]s, as quality increases their spoil time. This means that a higher quality pack will not only have more science value, it will lose less of that value over the same time period as a lower one.
* In situations where the [[foundry]] isn't being used for casting copper or iron, inserting quality modules in mining drills and utilizing quality ores for making ingredients for science packs can be more resource-efficient if the bonus from mining productivity research exceeds +300%. This is much slower than using [[speed module]]s (which are antagonistic to quality), and requires designing a base around handling multiple quality levels.
** Casting metals with foundries is not compatible with this strategy, as ores are turned into molten metal which, as a fluid, doesn't retain quality. With productivity modules, foundries are more resource-efficient and faster for processing metals for science packs than furnaces smelting quality ores, but this requires importing [[calcite]], as neither [[Nauvis]] or [[Gleba]] (the two planets that commonly produce ores) have this as a local resource.

Do note that quality modules should not be combined with multiple [[speed module]]s or speed [[beacon]]s, while productivity modules can.

== Achievements ==
Creating science packs is directly connected to the following achievements:
{{Achievement|research-with-automation}}
{{Achievement|research-with-logistics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-chemicals}}
{{Achievement|research-with-military}}
{{Achievement|research-with-production}}
{{Achievement|research-with-utility}}
{{Achievement|research-with-space}}
{{Achievement|research-with-metallurgics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-electromagnetics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-agriculture}}
{{Achievement|research-with-cryogenics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-promethium}}
{{Achievement|rush-to-space}}

{{IntermediateNav|category=false}}
{{C|Intermediate products{{!}}#Science pack}}
{{C|Science packs{{!}}#Science pack}}

Science pack

2026-06-01T14:20:50Z

Factotum: /* Creating science packs */

{{Languages}}
'''Science packs''' are items which are required by [[lab]]s to perform [[research]]. Researching [[technologies]] requires a certain number of different types of science packs, which is then multiplied by a certain value to get the tech cost.

For example, [[Physical projectile damage (research)|Physical projectile damage 3'']] requires one automation science pack and one logistic science pack and one military science pack to begin researching, but it needs this to be input into labs a total of 300 times, raising the research cost to 300 science packs each.

== Types of science packs ==
=== Base game ===
{| class="wikitable"
! Type !! Recipe !! Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Automation science pack}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|copper plate|1}} + {{icon|iron gear wheel|1}} → {{icon|Automation science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|5.5}} {{icon|iron plate|2}} {{icon|copper plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Logistic science pack}} || {{icon|Time|6}} + {{icon|Transport belt|1}} + {{icon|Inserter|1}} → {{icon|Logistic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|8.75}} {{icon|iron plate|5.5}} {{icon|copper plate|1.5}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Military science pack}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Piercing rounds magazine|1}} + {{icon|Grenade|1}} + {{Icon|Wall|2}} → {{icon|Military science pack|2}} || {{icon|Time|23}} {{icon|Iron plate|9}} {{icon|Copper plate|1}} {{icon|Steel plate|0.5}} {{icon|Coal|10}} {{icon|Stone brick|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Chemical science pack}} || {{icon|Time|24}} + {{icon|Sulfur|1}} + {{icon|Advanced circuit|3}} + {{icon|Engine unit|2}} → {{icon|Chemical science pack|2}} || {{icon|Time|52.5}} {{icon|Iron plate|6}} {{icon|Copper plate|15}} {{icon|Engine unit|2}} {{icon|Plastic bar|6}} {{icon|Sulfur|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Production science pack}} || {{icon|Time|21}} + {{icon|Rail|30}} + {{icon|Electric furnace|1}} + {{icon|Productivity module|1}} → {{icon|Production science pack|3}} || {{icon|Time|153.5}} {{icon|Iron plate|32.5}} {{icon|Copper plate|57.5}} {{icon|Steel plate|25}} {{icon|Plastic bar|20}} {{icon|Stone|15}} {{icon|Stone brick|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Utility science pack}} || {{icon|Time|21}} + {{icon|Processing unit|2}} + {{icon|Flying robot frame|1}} + {{icon|Low density structure|3}} → {{icon|Utility science pack|3}} || {{icon|Time|104.75}} {{icon|Iron plate|3}} {{icon|Copper plate|64.5}} {{icon|Steel plate|7}} {{icon|Plastic bar|15}} {{icon|Battery|2}} {{icon|Processing unit|2}} {{icon|Electric engine unit|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|Space science pack|1000}} per launched {{icon|Satellite}} || {{icon|Time|300}} {{icon|Iron plate|43.7}} {{icon|Copper plate|101.8}} {{icon|Steel plate|2.7}} {{icon|Plastic bar|19.9}} {{icon|Solid fuel|10.5}} {{icon|Sulfuric acid|15.5}}
|}


Or, broken down into the most basic components:
{| class="wikitable"
! Per 1 !! colspan="5" | Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Automation science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|2}} || {{icon|copper plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Logistic science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|5.5}} || {{icon|copper plate|1.5}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Military science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|5.75}} || {{icon|copper plate|0.5}} || {{icon|coal|5}} || || {{icon|stone|10}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Chemical science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|12}} || {{icon|copper plate|7.5}} || {{icon|coal|1.5}} || {{icon|crude oil|38.46}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Production science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|52.5}} || {{icon|copper plate|19.17}} || {{icon|coal|3.33}} || {{icon|crude oil|68.38}} || {{icon|stone|11.67}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Utility science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|33.33}} || {{icon|copper plate|49.83}} || {{icon|coal|3.83}} || {{icon|crude oil|106.84}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|iron plate|57.54}}    || {{icon|copper plate|101.79}} || {{icon|coal|9.95}}    || {{icon|crude oil|306.92}}
|}

=== ''Space Age'' ===
The ''[[Space Age]]''{{SA}} expansion adds five new types of science packs, and changes the recipe for [[space science pack]]. Each is only able to be crafted on a specific [[planets|planet]] or a [[space platform]]{{SA}}.

{| class="wikitable"
! Type !! Crafted on !! Made in !! Recipe !! Total raw
|-
| {{imagelink|Space science pack}} || {{icon|Space platform hub}} || {{icon|assembling machine}} {{icon|assembling machine 2}} {{icon|assembling machine 3}} || {{icon|Time|15}} + {{icon|carbon|1}} + {{icon|ice|1}} + {{icon|iron plate|2}} → {{icon|Space science pack|5}} || {{icon|Time|15}} + {{icon|carbon|1}} + {{icon|ice|1}} + {{icon|iron plate|2}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Metallurgic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Vulcanus}} || {{icon|Foundry}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|molten copper|200}} + {{icon|tungsten carbide|3}} + {{icon|tungsten plate|2}} → {{icon|Metallurgic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|molten copper|200}} + {{icon|tungsten carbide|3}} + {{icon|tungsten plate|2}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Electromagnetic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Fulgora}} || {{icon|Electromagnetic plant}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Accumulator|1}} + {{icon|Electrolyte|25}} + {{icon|Holmium solution|25}} + {{icon|Supercapacitor|1}} → {{icon|Electromagnetic science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|10}} + {{icon|Accumulator|1}} + {{icon|Electrolyte|25}} + {{icon|Holmium solution|25}} + {{icon|Supercapacitor|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Agricultural science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Gleba}} || {{icon|Biochamber}} || {{icon|Time|4}} + {{icon|Bioflux|1}} + {{icon|Pentapod egg|1}} → {{icon|Agricultural science pack|1}} || {{icon|Time|4}} + {{icon|Bioflux|1}} + {{icon|Pentapod egg|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Cryogenic science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Aquilo}} || {{icon|Cryogenic plant}} || {{icon|Time|20}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (cold)|6}} + {{icon|Ice|3}} + {{icon|Lithium plate|1}} → {{icon|Cryogenic science pack|1}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (hot)|3}} || {{icon|Time|20}} + {{icon|Fluoroketone (cold)|6}} + {{icon|Ice|3}} + {{icon|Lithium plate|1}}
|-
| {{imagelink|Promethium science pack|space-age=yes}} || {{icon|Space platform hub}} || {{icon|Cryogenic plant}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|Biter egg|10}} + {{icon|Promethium asteroid chunk|25}} + {{icon|Quantum processor|1}} → {{icon|promethium science pack|10}} || {{icon|Time|5}} + {{icon|Biter egg|10}} + {{icon|Promethium asteroid chunk|25}} + {{icon|Quantum processor|1}}
|}

Note that Agricultural science packs are subject to [[Spoilage mechanics|spoilage]]. Their freshness also reduces their science value.

== Creating science packs ==
The science packs and [[research]] are meant to guide players through the game by gradually increasing in complexity. At first the player has to create [[automation science pack]]s by hand to research automation. Then the next goal is to create automation and [[logistic science pack]]s automatically and to automatically feed the science packs into [[lab]]s. These science packs allow research of most of the basic [[technologies]].

If needed due to [[enemies]], the next step is to create [[military science pack]]s to allow unlock higher tier combat-oriented products. Unlike previous science packs, military science produces two packs per crafting cycle versus just one per cycle from automation/logistic.

Following military science, [[chemical science pack]]s should be created. This science pack incorporates a new 'raw' intermediary - [[plastic bar]]s necessitate the need to harvest and process [[crude oil]].

After chemical science, [[production science pack]]s are next. Production science packs are a fair jump in complexity, as the required products have quite a few different intermediaries. Production packs yield three packs per crafting cycle.

The final stage of automated research pack creation is [[utility science pack]]. Utility sciences packs are the most complex packs to make, requiring a large chain of intermediate products. Utility science packs, like previous production science packs, yield three packs per crafting cycle.

[[Space science pack]]s are yielded from launching [[satellite]]s via [[rocket silo|rocket]], and thus are difficult to automate effectively without massive resource-hungry bases. Unlike other science packs, space science packs are exclusively used to research repeating/infinite technologies - such as [[mining productivity (research)|mining productivity]] or [[physical projectile damage (research)|gun turret damage]].

Crafting time varies among the science pack recipes. To produce science packs of each kind at an equal rate, the number of assembling machines should be built in proportion to crafting times. The ratio needed to keep production in sync is 5:6:5:12:7:7, or:
* 5 Automation science pack assemblers
* 6 Logistic science pack assemblers
* 5 Military science pack assemblers
* 12 Chemical science pack assemblers
* 7 Production science pack assemblers
* 7 Utility science pack assemblers

The above list assumes that all science packs are being produced by the same tier of assembling machine. For example, if using plain [[assembling machine 3]] then packs will be produced at 75 items per minute.

The ratio for [[Space Age]] {{SA}} science (if we include the baseline productivity for [[foundry|foundries]] and [[electromagnetic plant|electromagnetic plants]] and assume the agricultural science is at full [[Spoilage mechanics|freshness]]) is 3:6⅔:6⅔:4:20:½, or:
* 3 Space science pack assemblers
* 6.666 Metallurgic science pack foundries
* 6.666 Electromagnetic science pack electromagnetic plants
* 4 Agricultural science pack biochambers (assuming no spoilage)
* 20 Cryogenic science pack cryogenic plants
* 0.5 Promethean science pack cryogenic plants

== Productivity module vs. quality module ==
[[Quality]]{{SA}} science pack decreases science pack drain, while production science outputs additional science packs from the same amount of input. Assuming that you are only using common ingredients and a single 1 tier module, and that all quality levels have been researched.

;[[Quality module]]{{SA}}
* '''0.9%''' chance to create at least 1 uncommon science pack, which lasts '''100%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 2 science packs).
* '''0.09%''' chance to create 1 rare science pack, which lasts '''200%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 3 science packs).
* '''0.009%''' chance to create 1 epic science pack, which lasts '''300%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 4 science packs).
* '''0.001%''' chance to create 1 legendary science pack, which lasts '''500%''' longer than normal (equivalent of 6 science packs).

Overall, this represents approximately '''1.1112%''' extra science for the same number of inputs.

;[[Module#Productivity module|Productivity module]]
* '''1''' extra product every '''25''' normal products.

This provides approximately '''4%''' extra science for the same number of inputs.

==== Comparison ====
* Productivity is more resource efficient, as it provides more science progress for the same amount of resources.
* Quality is more space/rocket efficient, as higher quality packs take up the same amount of space.
* Quality has a special effect on [[agricultural science pack]]s, as quality increases their spoil time. This means that a higher quality pack will not only have more science value, it will lose less of that value over the same time period as a lower one.
* In situations where the [[foundry]] isn't being used for casting copper or iron, inserting quality modules in mining drills and utilizing quality ores for making ingredients for science packs can be more resource-efficient if the bonus from mining productivity research exceeds +300%. This is much slower than using [[speed module]]s (which are antagonistic to quality), and requires designing a base around handling multiple quality levels.
** Casting metals with foundries is not compatible with this strategy, as ores are turned into molten metal which, as a fluid, doesn't retain quality. With productivity modules, foundries are more resource-efficient and faster for processing metals for science packs than furnaces smelting quality ores, but this requires importing [[calcite]], as neither [[Nauvis]] or [[Gleba]] (the two planets that commonly produce ores) have this as a local resource.

Do note that quality modules should not be combined with multiple [[speed module]]s or speed [[beacon]]s, while productivity modules can.

== Achievements ==
Creating science packs is directly connected to the following achievements:
{{Achievement|research-with-automation}}
{{Achievement|research-with-logistics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-chemicals}}
{{Achievement|research-with-military}}
{{Achievement|research-with-production}}
{{Achievement|research-with-utility}}
{{Achievement|research-with-space}}
{{Achievement|research-with-metallurgics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-electromagnetics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-agriculture}}
{{Achievement|research-with-cryogenics}}
{{Achievement|research-with-promethium}}
{{Achievement|rush-to-space}}

{{IntermediateNav|category=false}}
{{C|Intermediate products{{!}}#Science pack}}
{{C|Science packs{{!}}#Science pack}}